Since the invention of the tire, the pump has become an indispensable equipment. As technology advances, a variety of inflators have emerged. Manual, pedaled, electric. Single cylinder, double cylinder. With a pressure gauge, without. Etc., etc. Many people have actually used the pump. Pump up your bike and cheer up your basketball.
Today, let’s talk about the pump. Although the pump is a variety of things, but its function is very simple, just put the air into the tires or basketball. But do you know its structure? What is the principle of its inflation?
Ordinary pump has 13 parts:
Piston rods, cylinder heads, springs, fastening nuts, washers, cups, cylinders, pedals, check valves, nozzles, hoses.
Take a look at the main parts inside.
Leather bowl
As can be understood from the name, it is the leather, like the rice bowl. Mainly used to function as a check valve.

Check valves are also called check valves and can only allow valves that are vented in one direction.
The nozzle is a device that is clamped to the inflation port of the tire. There are mainly three types of American, English and French. Suitable for a variety of different tire inlets.
Now, let's take a look at the pumping process of the pump.
When we pumped up, we pulled up the piston rod with both hands and then pressed it down. Cycle back and forth.
It can be divided into two processes: the intake process and the discharge process.
Air intake process
It is the process of pulling up, pulling up the piston rod, the spring is extended, the pressure between the cylinder head and the cup becomes smaller, the cup shrinks, and the air above the piston enters the cylinder from the gap between the cups.
During this process, the check valve is closed so that the air in the tire cannot enter the pump.
Exhaust process
It is the process of pressing down. At this time, the piston rod is pressed down, the spring is pressed tightly, the cup is opened, and the cylinder wall is in close contact with each other. The air pressure in the cylinder is increased, the check valve is opened, and the air pressure is sufficient to open the valve of the tire. At the core, air is injected into the tire.
At the same time, the air outside the cylinder enters the piston from the gap at the upper end.
Understand how the pump works, and then look at the impact of the cylinder on the pump.
The pump is thick and thin, which one we choose to use. Look at the formula first.
This is the pressure formula, pressure = pressure / area
From this formula, we can see that we use the same force air pump, because the thickness of the pump, the pressure is not the same.
Select a thick pump, although the pressure is large at one time, but it is not easy to produce high pressure. On the contrary, using a thin pump is easier to apply high pressure, which is why it is more labor-saving to use a thin tube.
An important part of the pump is the cylinder. The structure and material of the cylinder will affect the strength and durability of the pump. For example, in the case of a high-pressure tubular tire, the air pressure of about 200 psi is required to be fully charged, and the pressure inside the cylinder must also be subjected to a pressure of 200 psi or more. 200 psi is equivalent to 14 times atmospheric pressure, and the cylinder must withstand 14 kg of pressure per square centimeter, so it must be specially strengthened in the cylinder structure and thickness.
Of course, this is just a relatively old-fashioned type of pump, and now there are many new ones, such as sleeves.